Electronics experience: That's good.
Beaniebots has given you a summary of the PICAXE's ability.
Boriz has pointed you towards looking at Data Loggers for storing/retrieving large amounts of data - probably (that's "prolly" for Boriz) more than you need but it's good to read.
If you check out some of the current sensing devices (e.g. Hall effect style like Maxim or shunt+diff-amp like TI and others) then that will be easy. Example: Search on Current Sensor in Farnell for a few ideas.
You'll already know about 'voltage/potential dividers' for any volts over the PICAXE +V supply.
If you want to store lots of Data values then read up on EEPROMs.
You'll know the specification of your Turbine.
You should now be able to design a schematic.
Should be quite easy.
Interesting project so good luck.